diagnosis

Most common sarcomas 

1. MFH

2. Liposarcoma

3. Rhabdomyosarcoma (Paediatric)

4. Synovial Sarcoma 

5. Leiomyosarcoma

6. Fibrosarcoma

Ten Tissues of Origin

1.  Adipose / LS

2   Fibrous / FS

3.  Fibrohistiocytic / MFH

Condition

Strange scapular tumour

- typically bilateral 

- occurs in lat dorsi

Complain of lump which appears around scapula

Imaging

Looks like muscle on CT

Behaviour

Benign

Histology

Shows marked amount of elastin

Definition

Systemic Connective Tissue Disease

Chronic inflammatory disease resulting from abnormal immunoregulation

Aetiology

Unknown

Thought similar to RA

1.  Genetic factors

2.  Environmental factors

Epidemiology

Young females

F:M 9:1

Peak 35 years old

Epidemiology

1% of US population

0.1% of Australia

M:F = 20:1

Groups

- homosexual 80%

- IV User 5%

- heterosexual 8%

- haemophilia 2%

- blood transfusion 1.5 %

Aetiology

Unprotected Sex

Blood

- needle sharing

- blood products

- accidental transmission with infected blood in health care setting

Definition

Acute disease

- characterised by generalized rigidity & convulsions

- caused by exotoxins/neurotoxins produced in Clostridia Tetani infections

Epidemiology

Annual world mortality is 1 million

West 15-100/year

Aetiology / Pathology

Clostridium Tetani

- anaerobic

- spore-bearing Gram positive Bacillus

Definition

Infection of bone 2° blood-borne bacteria

Epidemiology

Most common children

- peak 10 years

True haematogenous OM rare in adults

- usually involves spine

M: F 2:1

Site

Most common femur & tibia

Definition

Joint inflammation secondary pyogenic organism

Epidemiology

All age groups

Usually children

- 50% < age 3

M= F

Any joint

- Infants = Hip

- Children = Knee

- Adults = Large Joints

IVDU - SCJ & SIJ

Pathogenesis

Two Routes

Definition

Degenerative arthropathy due to Alkaptonuria

Metabolics

Rare hereditary disorder of tyrosine and phenylalanine breakdown

Homogentisic acid enzyme deficiency

- accumulate Homogentisic Acid

- product of tyrosine breakdown

Homogentisic acid deposited in cartilage & other soft tissues

- polymerises 

Definition

Heterogeneous group of diseases characterised by

- hyperuricaemia

- recurrent attacks of acute arthritis

Diagnosis confirmed by

- crystals of Monosodium Urate in synovial fluid

- tophi ("Porous stone") urate in soft tissues

- renal urate stones

Epidemiology

Adult men