pelvis

Anatomical Approach to Biopsy

Region specific approaches

 

Theory

- want to traverse one muscle / one compartment

- keep away from NV bundle

- as a rule perform open biopsy through compartment the tumour is in

- this is the compartment that will require surgical removal in wide excision

- direct approach without going through muscle if possible i.e. tibia, distal ulna

 

Lower Limb

 

Thigh

 

Achondroplasia

Definition

 

Dysproportionate dwarfism

- short limbs and normal trunk

- rhizomelic

 

DDx

- physeal dysplasia (SED, MED)

 

Aetiology

 

FGF Receptor 3 

- point mutation

- decreases endochondral ossification

- normal intramembraneous ossification

- FGFR3 is found in all pre-bone cartilage & in CNS

- FGFR3 inhibits chondrocyte proliferation in the proliferative zone