Definition
Isolated posterior ligament injuries
- PLL / Posterior interspinous ligament / Paraspinal muscles
Excludes fracture / dislocation / HNP
Aetiology
MVA
Sport
Hyperflexion injuries
Symptoms
Large spectrum clinical presentation
- neck ache
- nausea & vomiting
- headache
- visual symptoms
Prognosis
Dufton et al Spine 2006
- study of 2000 patients looking at poor prognostic factors
- older age > female > higher pain intensity > legal action
Other studies
- radiculopathy symptoms
NHx
42% Symptoms > 1 years
36% Symptoms > 2 years
Chronic pain
Likely related to facet joints
Management
Physiotherapy / Collar / Reassurance