Toe Walking

1.  Habitual

 

Normal til age 3

- child can actively heel walk

 

2.  Structural

 

Fixed equinus – CTEV / arthrogryposis

Short / tight T Achilles

SOL in calf

 

3.  Neuromuscular

 

CP

Spinal dysraphism / tethered cord

DMD– Duchenne / Gower’s

CMT

 

4.  Short leg

 

Real - unilateral

Apparent - knee or hip deformity