Patella Fracture
Mechanism
Direct blow
- most common
Indirect
- forced knee flexion with foot fixed / maximally contracted quadriceps
Types
1. Vertical
2. Transverse
Direct blow
- most common
Indirect
- forced knee flexion with foot fixed / maximally contracted quadriceps
1. Vertical
2. Transverse
Repetitive friction of iliotibial tract over GT
Overuse in athletes
Common post THR
May be associated with gluteus medius tears
Pain over upper lateral thigh with activity
- often related to hip flexion
Hyper-dorsiflexion injury to 1st MTP joint
Grade 1 - Mild sprain
Symptoms
- minimal swelling / ecchymosis
Management
- return to play immediately
- RICE / NSAIDS
Grade 2 Partial tear plantar plate
Symptoms
6 /100 000
- second most common dislocation after shoulder
FOOSH
Injury to ulnar collateral ligament of thumb MCPJ
Initial description
- chronic laxity of British gamekeeper's thumb's
- no specific trauma
- secondary to breaking pheasant's neck
Acute trauma
- snow ski
- ball games
Valgus / forced abduction
UCL
FOOSH
- axial load with a valgus force
1. Provides Valgus stability
- especially if MCL deficient
2. Longitudinal stability
- aided by interosseous membrane
3. Load Transfer
- 60% of load at elbow
Jacques LisFranc De St-Martin (1790 - 1847)
General Surgeon in Napoleonic army
High energy
1. Twisting / Abduction injury of forefoot
- original description is fall from horse with foot caught in stirrups
- MVA
2. Axial Loading