aetiology

Dislocation

Epidemiology

 

Uncommon

- dancers

- athletes

 

Aetiology

 

Hyperdorsiflexion of the MTPJ

 

Pathology

 

MT head dislocates plantar

- may buttonhole through capsule

- can prevent closed reduction

 

Blocks to Reduction

 

1.  Sesamoids

2.  Conjoint tendon

3.  Intersesamoid Ligament

 

Paget's Disease

Definition

 

Chronic, non metabolic bone disorder

Characterised by increased bone resorption, bone formation and remodelling

 

Epidemiology

 

Rare < 40

1 – 3 % population over 60

M > F

 

Aetiology

 

Unknown

 

Paramyxovirus implicated

- measles

- RSV

- canine distemper virus

 

Electron Microscope

MCL Insufficiency

AetiologyTommy John Surgery

 

Throwing injury

- seen in the throwing athlete

- repetitive microtrauma / valgus stress

- develop laxity

 

History

 

Initially

- lose velocity / accuracy

 

Develop medial pain

 

40% ulna nerve symptoms

 

Background

Definition

 

A fixed equinus deformity of the forefoot in relation to the hindfoot 

- resulting in an abnormally high arch that fails to flatten with weight bearing

- deformity may be forefoot, hindfoot or combination

 

Foot CavusFoot Cavovarus

 

Aetiology

 

Background

Aetiology

 

Intrinsic

- inflammatory

- degenerative

 

Extrinsic

- traumatic

- spur

 

Epidemiology

 

F > 40

 

Associations 60% of cases  

- hypertension

- diabetes

- obese

- trauma 

- prior surgery

- steroids

 

Sinus Tarsi Syndrome

Anatomy

 

Osseous canal between talus and calcaneum

- interosseous talo-calcaneal ligament

- cervical ligament

- joint capsule

- nerve endings / arterial anastomoses

 

Sinus Tarsi

 

Aetiology

 

Flat foot / overpronation

Inversion / sprain

 

Pathology